Steam-turbine blades.



H. J. RICHTER.

STEAM TURBINE BLADES. APPLICATION PI'LBD AUG. s, 1908.

1,062,737. Patented May 27,1913. v

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 H. J. RICHTER. STEAM TURBINE BLADES.

APPLICATION IILED AUG. 3, 1908.

Patented May 27, 1913.

2 SHEETS'SHEET Z.

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.; UN ITED STATES T UFFICE.

HARRY J. RICHTER, F VVILMETTE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HORACE A. LESLIE, TRUSTEE, Cl]; CHICAGO, ILLINGIS.

said base being formed to drawings, forming a STEAM-TURBINE BLADES.

To all whom it may concern k 4 I Be it known that I, HARRY J. R cnrnn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of l/Vilmette, Cook county, Illinois, have .in- 'vented certain new and useful LDPIOVCIYICDiS' inSteam-Turbine Blades and Methods of Assembling and Securing Them in Turbine Elements, of which the following is aifull, true, clear, and exact description.

- My invention relates to improvements in steam turbines and has special reference to improvements in the form, construction and assemblage of the blades upon botli rotor and stator.

The object of my invention is tom aterially reduce the cost'of steam turbines and especially to reduce the labor and time expended in assembling and securing Special objects of my invention will appear hereinafter. v '1. I My invention consists broadly in a new ar ticle of manufacture, coniprising a plurality or series of turbine blades, spaced apart, and

fastened together at their bases in such man, nor that a common base is provided therefor, fit the blade groove of a turbine rotor or stator and said base being sufficiently malleable or flexible to be readily conformed to the curve of such groove. My invention further consistsin a new article of manufacture, comprising a plurality or series of turbine or rivet piereing the bases of said blades and securing them together as one piece for ready insertion nithe groove of a turbine rotor or stator.

invention also involves the endto end niter'locking of such sectlonsin the groove of the turbine member or element. And further my invention consists in various details of construction and in coml'iinations of parts, all as 'hereinafter described and more ularlypointed out in the claim.

My invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying tion and in which:

Figure l discloses my invention'as ap plied to the side of a turbine rotor or a ig. 2 discloses the invention as applie; 'the periphery of a rotor or a stator; Fig. '3 is an enlarged sectional view on the Specification bf Letters Patent. Application filed August 3, 1968. Serial No. 446,551.

the blades upon I blades, suitably spaced apart at their, bases, and a rod, bolt particpart of this specifica-' Patented May 27,1913.

line X.X of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on the line YY of Fig. 2; Fig, 5 is a perspective view illustrative of the coInponent parts of'my novel bladesection or multiple. Fig. 6 illustrates the manner of assembling a blade section; Fig. 7 shows a complete blade section; Fig. 8 is a side view thW'cef as the section appears before the base thereof is planed or'milled; and 9 is a similar view of the complete section ready to be assembled with others in a turbine rotor or stator.

In the drawings, 2, of, a turbine 1 0M401 a turbine stator), having a plurality of concentric grooves, 3, to receive as many annuli ofblades. A portion of one such annulus of blades is shown in Fig. 1. lnFig. 2 I have shown a rotor or stator, 4. of a different type, this being provided with one or more peripheral grooves, 5, in which the blades are arranged.

My novel article of manufacture, theblade section or blade multiple is adapted for attachment to or assemblage with all kinds of turbine members, irrespective of type. I make these blade sections or multig pics in relatively short lengths and bend them to fit the curve of the groove in the turbine member to which they are applied. Many sections are required to make up a blade annulus in a largeturbine. the number varying the groove in which they are placed.

Each blade section or multiple, A, as here-- in shown, is made up of a. plurality of blades, a, a plurality of spacers, It, and a 'rod, bolt or swear I desire that it shall outdeparting from the spirit of the invention, may bean integral structure. to the extent that the spacers, 0,, and the blades, (1, may be formed integrally and secured by the rod or rivet, a", but I' prefer to form the sections of the numerous parts shown in the drawings. I r r The form or configuration of the blades is determined by the type or design of the turbine of which they are to form a part and the spacers take their form fromthe' blades. I preferably make the blades from rolled steel by simplycutting up bars of the desired cross sections. The base portion of each blade is provided with a hole, a and each spacer has a correspondin hole, a. The spacer which is to form t e end to wit,

represents a portion be understood that my blade section, with- Y fsn of the section is provided with a countersink or recess, a Such parts having been prepared I place them in a vise or assem bling jig of substantially the form shown in 5 Fig. 6, first stringing the blades and spacers upon. the rod or rivet, (1- The jig comprises the heads or members, I), 13', connected by the parts I), b, which latter are separated by a groove 6. The part B contains an opening C through which the end of the rod or rivet, 0. may be reached with a riveting tool, C. At the time that the spacers and the blades are assembled in the jig these parts are of substanitially the same width, the base portions not having then been planed or finished as hereinafter described. The member, B, "contains a screw, B",-and a gib, b and after" assembling the parts in the groove of the jig I drive this screw and gib against the head, a", of the long rivet, 0?. In this nianner I force the rivet forward and jam the blades and s acers together against the jaw, B. The en of the rivet is thus caused to project through the last spacer and While in this condition it is penned or riveted to form the head. a, in the recess, a. The (blades and spacers are in this way firml and permanently united to form a. roug blade section or uni t.- When this has been accomplished I remove the rough sect-ion from thevise or "g andplacing the same in a suitable machine plane or mill the base on bothsides to form the smooth sides, a; The width of the base portion of the section is thus reduced to the width of the roove' in the'rotor or stator, which is to receive the same. The relative width of the blades and of the base portion appears in Fig- 7; As shown 'in Fig. titherecess in the end spacer of the section is of greater depth than the head, a of the rivet; and the cavity remaining is large enough to receive the rivet head, a of another blade section, in abutment therewith. In placing these blade sections in a turbine member I first tap or force one end of a section into the groove thereof, and then by means of a suitable tool calk or pean the metal over or against the base of the section, as shown at 5; 5' in Figs. 3 and 4. Having secured one end of the section-in this manner I proceed to drive the remainder of the section into the groove, using an ordinary mallet for the purpose. Light blows upon. the ends of the manner described, and it will be obvious that the calked or'battered edges of themetal admirably serve thepurpose of fastoning and locking the blades in the turf bine member. section after section is placed in the groove of the member. the end of each section being interlocked with the end of the preceding 'section, until the rin or. annulus of blades Fi 1 and Fig. 2 Show is completed. Both two blade sections as they appear after being planted in the groove and one section as In the manner described it appears when being set or planted therein.

It is obvious that the section or unit herein" described is capable of ready modific-ition to suit turbine members of various forms,"

and that the base portion of the section'may' methods or means of. calking or-Ihstening them.

readily suggest'themselves to one skilled in the art, I do notconfine or limit my. inven- As these. and other modifications will tion" to the specific structures herein 110- I scribed.-

Having this described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

A new articleof manufacture comprising a plurality of turbine blades and spacers and a rivet passing through said blades and spacers and headed at both; ends, the head of the rivet being exposed at one end of the section thus formed, the other end of sand section being provided with a recess and the common base formed by said spacers and the ends of the blades being of less width than the free ends of said blades,

substantially as described.

ion

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this 31st day. of July, 1908, in

the presence of two subscribing witnesses. HARRY J. RICHTER,

/Vitnesses: I

CHAS. Armani l-linvnnv, J 01m R'Lnrnvnn.

30 be varied in cross section to suit other 

